Hybrid Assistive Limb

Hybrid religious serviceful weapon system (HAL-5) 1. Introduction. People often suffer from mixed disorders related to their physical health, which also include disorders of the nervous, vascular and integumentary systems, hefty and neurologic diseases. Consequently, these violations probably affect the musculoskeletal system and complicate the daily lives of these people. However, with the daily development of science and technology, doctors and inventors atomic number 18 trying to create many kind of device that good deal make life easier for people with such(prenominal) disabilities. To date, some examples of these developments are already invented.One of these developments is a powered exoskeleton Hybrid Assistive Limb (HAL-5). Hybrid Assistive Limb (HAL) is a full-body lodge, which was intented to help people with degenerated muscles or spinal injuries or brain disorders. Now we are going to describe appearance, functions and main char subroutineeristics of this robot ic device. 2. Data and producers. The wearable-type robot automaton casing HAL was created in Japan, notably by Cyberdyne, Inc. This company was founded in 2004 to exploit the play of a group of cybernetics queryers headed by Yoshiyuki Sankai, a Professor of System and reading Engineering at Tsukuba University. 4 The study about Hybrid Assistive Limb was started by prof Sankai in 1992 and lasted until 1996. The result of this hard work was HAL-1 (fig. 1), start-off prototype of HAL series robots. The next robot which was built with cardinally other design is HAL-3 (fig. 2). It was invented in 1999 and had been intentd for 6 years. Final version of HAL robot, HAL-5 (fig. 3), was discovered in 2005 and still is macrocosm developed by professor Yoshiyuki Sankai in his science laboratory at University of Tsukuba. Cyberdyne Inc. has been manufacturing and is currently distri howevering of the HAL-5 to the residences of Japan and Europe.Figure 1. HAL-1 robot, 1996 Figure 2. HAL-3 robot, 1999 3. Functions and applications of the system HAL-5 is expected to be applied in various fields such as refilling jut and physical training support in medical field. Also, it move be used in a range of another non-military uses, for example, in including allowing workers to carry heavier. 4 HAL-5 helps users lift up to about 40 kg much than they normally could. To be exact, a healthy adult male, wearing this suit, ordure lift approximately 80 kg, roughly double what he after part without it.Hybrid Assistive Limb advise multiply the overall original force-out of the wearer by a factor of 2 to 10. The general concept of a HAL-5 robot is simple in general. The components HAL are very easy to construct, however, the complexity of the HAL occurs primarily in its programming and way of working. Professor Sankai says that the suit detects empty-headed biosignals on the surface of the skin when the human brain tries to move the exoskeleton. When the Robot Suit detects t hese signals, it helps the user to move.HAL-5 can operate indoors and outdoors although, it is strongly recommended to use this suit indoors until better batteries allow more extended use. One of the main advantages of this robot is the ability to change between cardinal types of control Cybernic Voluntary Control and Cybernic independent Control. By using descriptor switching with the autonomous control function, the healthy function of a arm could be reproduced by the HAL. Based on this capability, it appears that the HAL would be effective for use in the rehabilitation of patients suffering from loss of nervous function in a ramification. 4.System design The most visible part of the HAL-5 is the exoskeletal image, which consists of a set up made of nickel molybdenum and an aluminum alloy. Moreover, it was strengthened by a plastic casing and the metal bars, which is strapped to the body and helps the user externally. The bars unthaw along the lateral sides of the levels and arms. Additionally, there are several electric motors act as the HAL-5s muscles, which have to provide powered assistance to the wearers limbs. Currently, the total tip of the Hybrid Assistive Limb suit is 23kg, but man, wearing this device, does not feel any weight.It happens because the suit can support its own weight. Also, HAL-5 has a small pouch attached to a flush on the suit that contains a computer, Controller social unit, which controls the suit and a Wi-Fi communication theory system. The bindings at the shoulders take the form of backpack-like straps to attach the battery and Controller Unit. The frame also has soles, which are used to help stabilize balance, at the ends of the leg bars to eliminate the need for the user to support the weight of the suit. any of these details you can see from fig. 3, and fig. 4. Fig. 3. and Fig. 4.System architecture with sensing elements, battery and Controller Unit 5. Sensors and actuation mechanisms On the side of the joint nearest the corpus, two sensors are placed upon the skin. One sensor is placed over the muscle group, which causes the limb to extend, and one on the surface of muscle group, which causes the limb to flex. Each sensor consists of two electrodes which measure potential difference between them as a function of the nerve impulses, which cause the contraction of muscle fibers. These sensors first drop and then amplify the signals of passing such kind of nerve impulses.Also, the suit is powered by both nickel-metal hydride and lithium battery packs. Full strike of this battery lasts approximately for 2 hours and 40 minutes, with both the upper and get body parts in action. Cyberdyne Inc. has announced that one part of its research is focused on increasing this time to about 5 hours. HAL-5 Speficications prime 1600mm Weight Full Body Type 23kg Lower body 15kg barrage Drive Charged battery ( AC100V) Continuous operating time most 2 hours 40 minutes Motions Daily Activities St anding up from a chair Walking Climbing up and down stairs practice and lift heavy objects up to 80kg Cybernic Control Cybernic Voluntary Control Cybernic Autonomous Control Indoor and outdoor ? 6. Conclusion In conclusion we can consider that the wearable-type robot HAL-5 is a tool with enormous potential for meliorate quality of life. In addition, the HAL-5s frame can incorporate recycled materials, which can include fiberglass, certain plastics, silicon, aluminum, and steel. Such materials can also be redeemable for recycling into other products.Improvements in battery efficiency and frame weight would reduce energy requirements, and in the case of outdoor use, energy requirements could be offset by solar cells on the frame. So, the program is currently being continuing and developing. Sankai says that one of his main aims is to create technologies that are designed for the gain ground of humankind rather than for destructive purposes. For example, he refused offers from the U. S. Department of Defense in Washington DC and the government of South Korea to work on a robot for military use. This adds more confidence in the good intentions of professor Sankai.